Skip to main content

HTML - Tables

The HTML tables allow web authors to arrange data like text, images, links, other tables, etc. into rows and columns of cells.
The HTML tables are created using the <table> tag in which the <tr> tag is used to create table rows and <td> tag is used to create data cells. The elements under <td> are regular and left aligned by default

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Tables</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1">
         <tr>
            <td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
            <td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
         </tr>
         
         <tr>
            <td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
            <td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
      
   </body>
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Here, the border is an attribute of <table> tag and it is used to put a border across all the cells. If you do not need a border, then you can use border = "0".

Table Heading

Table heading can be defined using <th> tag. This tag will be put to replace <td> tag, which is used to represent actual data cell. Normally you will put your top row as table heading as shown below, otherwise you can use <th> element in any row. Headings, which are defined in <th> tag are centered and bold by default.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table Header</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1">
         <tr>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Salary</th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Ramesh Raman</td>
            <td>5000</td>
         </tr>
         
         <tr>
            <td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
            <td>7000</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
   
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Cellpadding and Cellspacing Attributes

There are two attributes called cellpadding and cellspacing which you will use to adjust the white space in your table cells. The cellspacing attribute defines space between table cells, while cellpadding represents the distance between cell borders and the content within a cell.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table Cellpadding</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1" cellpadding = "5" cellspacing = "5">
         <tr>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Salary</th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Ramesh Raman</td>
            <td>5000</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
            <td>7000</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Colspan and Rowspan Attributes

You will use colspan attribute if you want to merge two or more columns into a single column. Similar way you will use rowspan if you want to merge two or more rows.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table Colspan/Rowspan</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1">
         <tr>
            <th>Column 1</th>
            <th>Column 2</th>
            <th>Column 3</th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td rowspan = "2">Row 1 Cell 1</td>
            <td>Row 1 Cell 2</td>
            <td>Row 1 Cell 3</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Row 2 Cell 2</td>
            <td>Row 2 Cell 3</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan = "3">Row 3 Cell 1</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Tables Backgrounds

You can set table background using one of the following two ways −
  • bgcolor attribute − You can set background color for whole table or just for one cell.
  • background attribute − You can set background image for whole table or just for one cell.
You can also set border color also using bordercolor attribute.
Note − The bgcolor, background, and bordercolor attributes deprecated in HTML5. Do not use these attributes.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table Background</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1" bordercolor = "green" bgcolor = "yellow">
         <tr>
            <th>Column 1</th>
            <th>Column 2</th>
            <th>Column 3</th>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td rowspan = "2">Row 1 Cell 1</td>
            <td>Row 1 Cell 2</td>
            <td>Row 1 Cell 3</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Row 2 Cell 2</td>
            <td>Row 2 Cell 3</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td colspan = "3">Row 3 Cell 1</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −

H

Table Height and Width

You can set a table width and height using widthand height attributes. You can specify table width or height in terms of pixels or in terms of percentage of available screen area.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table Width/Height</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1" width = "400" height = "150">
         <tr>
            <td>Row 1, Column 1</td>
            <td>Row 1, Column 2</td>
         </tr>
         
         <tr>
            <td>Row 2, Column 1</td>
            <td>Row 2, Column 2</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Table Caption

The caption tag will serve as a title or explanation for the table and it shows up at the top of the table. This tag is deprecated in newer version of HTML/XHTML.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table Caption</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <caption>This is the caption</caption>
         
         <tr>
            <td>row 1, column 1</td><td>row 1, columnn 2</td>
         </tr>
         
         <tr>
            <td>row 2, column 1</td><td>row 2, columnn 2</td>
         </tr>
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Table Header, Body, and Footer

Tables can be divided into three portions − a header, a body, and a foot. The head and foot are rather similar to headers and footers in a word-processed document that remain the same for every page, while the body is the main content holder of the table.
The three elements for separating the head, body, and foot of a table are −
  • <thead> − to create a separate table header.
  • <tbody> − to indicate the main body of the table.
  • <tfoot> − to create a separate table footer.
A table may contain several <tbody> elements to indicate different pages or groups of data. But it is notable that <thead> and <tfoot> tags should appear before <tbody>

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         <thead>
            <tr>
               <td colspan = "4">This is the head of the table</td>
            </tr>
         </thead>
         
         <tfoot>
            <tr>
               <td colspan = "4">This is the foot of the table</td>
            </tr>
         </tfoot>
         
         <tbody>
            <tr>
               <td>Cell 1</td>
               <td>Cell 2</td>
               <td>Cell 3</td>
               <td>Cell 4</td>
            </tr>
         </tbody>
         
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −

Nested Tables

You can use one table inside another table. Not only tables you can use almost all the tags inside table data tag <td>.

Example

Following is the example of using another table and other tags inside a table cell.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

   <head>
      <title>HTML Table</title>
   </head>
 
   <body>
      <table border = "1" width = "100%">
         
         <tr>
            <td>
               <table border = "1" width = "100%">
                  <tr>
                     <th>Name</th>
                     <th>Salary</th>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                     <td>Ramesh Raman</td>
                     <td>5000</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                     <td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
                     <td>7000</td>
                  </tr>
               </table>
            </td>
         </tr>
         
      </table>
   </body>
 
</html>
This will produce the following result −
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

HTML - Phrase Tags

The phrase tags have been desicolgned for specific purposes, though they are displayed in a similar way as other basic tags like  <b>, <i>, <pre> , and  <tt> , you have seen in previous chapter. This chapter will take you through all the important phrase tags, so let's start seeing them one by one. Emphasized Text Anything that appears within  <em>...</em>  element is displayed as emphasized text. Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Emphasized Text Example</title> </head> <body> <p>The following word uses an <em>emphasized</em> typeface.</p> </body> </html> This will produce the following result − Marked Text Anything that appears with-in  <mark>...</mark>  element, is displayed as marked with yellow ink. Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <tit...
Post a Comment
Read more

Xiaomi Redmi Note 7 Pro price and processor details leaked online

Xiaomi recently launched the Redmi Note 7 in China and will launch its Redmi Note 7 Pro next month. Now, the pricing details and processor specifications have been leaked online. A tipster by the name Dream Dust (according to Google Translate) on Weibo claims that the upcoming device from Redmi by Xiaomi will be powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 675 processor. He also stated that the device will be priced at 1,499 Yuan, which roughly translates to Rs 16,000. Qualcomm launched its 11nm based Snapdragon 675 processor back in October. The processor comes with an octa-core Kryo 675 CPU paired with an Adreno 612 GPU.
Post a Comment
Read more

Instagram caught selling ads to follower-buying services it banned

EZ-Grow’s co-founder Elon refused to give his last name on the record, but told me “[Clients]  always need something new. At first it was follows and likes. Now we even watch Stories for them. Every new feature that Instagram has we take advantage of it to make more visibility for our clients.” He says EZ-Grow spends $500 per day on Instagram ads, which are its core strategy for finding new customers. SocialFuse founder Alexander Heit says his company spends a couple hundred dollars per day on Instagram and Facebook ads, and was worried when Instagram reiterated its ban on his kind of service in November, but says “ We thought that we were definitely going to get shut down but nothing has changed on our end.” Instagram   has been earning money from businesses flooding its social network with spam notifications. Instagram hypocritically continues to sell ad space to services that charge clients for fake followers or that automatically follow/unfollow other people t...
Post a Comment
Read more